protocol

Layer-1

Definition

A blockchain that handles transaction execution and consensus directly. Examples include Ethereum, Solana, and Autheo integrated Layer-1.

Last updated: April 2026Reviewed by: Autheo Technical Team

A Layer-1 blockchain is a base-level network that handles transaction execution and consensus directly. It is the primary chain where smart contracts run, tokens are transferred, and network state is maintained. Examples include Ethereum, Solana, Bitcoin, Avalanche, and Autheo integrated Layer-1. Layer-1 blockchains differ in their consensus mechanisms, throughput capabilities, programming languages, and security models. Autheo includes an integrated Layer-1 blockchain as part of its Layer-0 Operating System, meaning the execution chain is natively connected to the infrastructure layer rather than operating independently.

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